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Bundesautobahn 3
is an autobahn in Germany that links the border with the Netherlands near Wesel in the northwest to the Austrian border near Passau in the southeast.
Major cities along its total length of 778 km (483 mi) include Oberhausen, Duisburg, Düsseldorf, Leverkusen, Cologne, Wiesbaden, Frankfurt, Würzburg, Nuremberg and Regensburg. The A 3 is a major connection between the Rhine-Ruhr area and southern Germany, resulting in heavy traffic. Consequently, large parts have three lanes (plus emergency lane) in each direction, including a 300 km (187.5 mi) long part between Oberhausen and Aschaffenburg.
== History ==
The first plans for the segment between Cologne and Düsseldorf date to 1925, and a bypass segment long at Opladen was built beginning in 1931 and opened on 27 September 1933. The remainder of the highway between Oberhausen and Wiesbaden via Cologne was constructed in sections as part of the Reichsautobahn network, until 1940. The first of these, the segment between Cologne-Mülheim and Hilden, opened on 21 May 1936. The stretch between Limburg and Dierdorf opened on 15 June 1940, and that between Erlangen and Nuremberg was completed in 1941, although in one direction only over part of the segment. However, work on the stretch south of Wiesbaden, including the bridge over the Main at Eddersheim, was suspended in 1943. The northern segment to the border with the Netherlands, the so-called "Holland Line", was begun in 1939 and suspended in 1942; work resumed on this segment in 1958 and it opened in sections between 1961 and 1965. Work also began in 1939 on a segment between Regensburg and Wörth an der Donau, which was to have included a bridge over the Danube at Regensburg and a bypass north of Deggendorf, but work was suspended in or before 1942, and this segment (passing south of Deggendorf instead of north) was only completed in the 1960s. The parts in Eastern Bavaria were built significantly later, with the last gaps being closed in 1984.
The A 3 runs parallel to the Bundesstraße 8, which it thus replaced as a main highway. Both follow the medieval trade route ''Via Publica'' that was first mentioned in a document from 839.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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